Terug- & vooruitblik op hoop van zegen re:12-3-'04
back
to the future
~
DAILY LIFE
in those first city lands of the Old World
must have been very similar in both Egypt and Sumeria.
And except for the asses and cattle in the streets
it must have been not unlike the life in the Maya cities of America
three or four thousand years later?
MOST of the people in peace time
were busy with irrigation and cultivation -
except on days of religious festivity.
THEY had no money and no need for it.
THEY managed their small occasional trades by barter.
The princes and rulers
who alone had more than a few possessions
used gold and silver bars and precious stones for any incidental
act of trade.
The TEMPLE
dominated life;
in Sumeria it was a great towering temple that went up to a roof
from which the stars were observed;
in Egypt it was a massive building with only
a ground floor.
In Sumeria
the priest/ruler was the greatest,
most splendid of beings ...
In Egypt, however, there was ONE who was raised above the priests;
he was the living incarnation of the chief god of the land,
the Pharaoh,
the godking ...
~
THERE WERE
few changes in
the world of those days;
men's days were sunny, toilsome, and conventional.
Tew stranges came into the land and such as did fared uncomfortably.
The oriest directed life according to immemorial rules
and watched the stars for seed-time
and arked the omens of the sacrifices and interpreted
the warnings of the dreams.
Men worked and loved
and died,
not unhappily,
forgetful of the savage oast of their race and heedless
of its future.
SOMETIMES
the ruler was benign.
Such as Pepi II who reigned in Egypt
for ninety years.
AND SOMETIMES
he was ambitious and took men's sons to be soldiers
and sent them against neighbouring city states to war and plunder,
or he made them toil to build great buildings.
SUCH AS Cheops and Chephren and
Mycerinus who built those vast
and sepulchral piles,
the pyramids
at Gizeh.
Most of these stone blocks
must have been brought down the Nile in boats
and lugged into place chiefly by human muscle power
and their erection must have exhausted Egypt
more than a great war would have
done?
to the future
~
DAILY LIFE
in those first city lands of the Old World
must have been very similar in both Egypt and Sumeria.
And except for the asses and cattle in the streets
it must have been not unlike the life in the Maya cities of America
three or four thousand years later?
MOST of the people in peace time
were busy with irrigation and cultivation -
except on days of religious festivity.
THEY had no money and no need for it.
THEY managed their small occasional trades by barter.
The princes and rulers
who alone had more than a few possessions
used gold and silver bars and precious stones for any incidental
act of trade.
The TEMPLE
dominated life;
in Sumeria it was a great towering temple that went up to a roof
from which the stars were observed;
in Egypt it was a massive building with only
a ground floor.
In Sumeria
the priest/ruler was the greatest,
most splendid of beings ...
In Egypt, however, there was ONE who was raised above the priests;
he was the living incarnation of the chief god of the land,
the Pharaoh,
the godking ...
~
THERE WERE
few changes in
the world of those days;
men's days were sunny, toilsome, and conventional.
Tew stranges came into the land and such as did fared uncomfortably.
The oriest directed life according to immemorial rules
and watched the stars for seed-time
and arked the omens of the sacrifices and interpreted
the warnings of the dreams.
Men worked and loved
and died,
not unhappily,
forgetful of the savage oast of their race and heedless
of its future.
SOMETIMES
the ruler was benign.
Such as Pepi II who reigned in Egypt
for ninety years.
AND SOMETIMES
he was ambitious and took men's sons to be soldiers
and sent them against neighbouring city states to war and plunder,
or he made them toil to build great buildings.
SUCH AS Cheops and Chephren and
Mycerinus who built those vast
and sepulchral piles,
the pyramids
at Gizeh.
Most of these stone blocks
must have been brought down the Nile in boats
and lugged into place chiefly by human muscle power
and their erection must have exhausted Egypt
more than a great war would have
done?
[]
~
IT WAS
not only in Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley
that men were settling down to agriculture and the formation of city states
in the centuries between 6000 and 3000 B.C.
Wherever there were possibilities
of irrigation
and a steady all-the-year-round food-supply
men were exchanging the uncertainties and hardships of hunting
and wandering for the routines of
settlement.
On the upper Tigris
a people called the Assyrians were founding cities;
in the valleys of Asia Minor and on the Mediterranean shores and islands,
there were small communities growing up to
civilisation.
POSSIBLY
parallel developments of human life
were already going on in favourable regions of India and China.
In many parts of Europe where there were lakes
well stocked with fish,
little communities of men had long settled in dwellings built on piles
over the water,
and were eking out agriculture by fishing and hunting.
But over much larger areas of the Old World
no such settlement was possible?
The land was too harsh,
too thickly wooded or too arid,
or the seasons too uncertain for mankind
with only the implements and science of that age
to take root
.............
~
FOR SETTLEMENT
under the conditions of the the primitive civilisations
men needed a constant water-supply and warmth and sunshine?
Where these needs were not satisfied, man could live as a transient,
as a hunter following his game,
as a herssman following the seasonal grass,
but he could not settle!
THE TRANSITION
from the hunting to the herding life may have been
only very gradual
........
FROM
following herds of wild cattle or {in Asia} wild horses,
men may have come to an idea of property in them, and have learned
to pen them into valleys,
have fought for them against wolves, wild dogs,
and other predatory
beasts
...
~
SO
while the primitive civilisations of the cultivators were growing up
chiefly in the great river valleys,
a different way of living,
the nomadic life,
a life of constant movement to and fro
from winter pasture to summer pasture, was also
growing up
.......
The nomadic peoples
were on the whole hardier than the agriculturists;
they were less prolific and numerous,
they had no permanent temples and no highly organised priesthood;
they had less gear;
but our dear myDi-reader must not suppose
that theirs was necessarily a less highly developed way of living
on that account!
IN MANY WAYS
this free life was a fuller life than that of the tillers of
the soil!
The INDIVIDUAL
was more self-reliant; less of a unit in a crowd!
The LEADER was more important; the medicine-man perhaps
less so?
~
MOVING
over large stretches of country,
the nomad took a wider view of life
.......
HE touched on the confines of this settled land and he was used
to the sight of strange faces
.......
HE had to scheme and treat for pasture with competing tribes!
HE knew more of minerals than the folk upon the plough lands because
he went over mountain passes and into rocky places ...
HE may have been a better metallurgist?
Possibly bronze,
and even much more probably iron smelting,
were nomadic discoveries!
SOME
of the earliest implements of iron reduced from its ores
have been found in Central Europe
far away form the early
civilisations.
~
ON THE OTHER HAND
the settled folk had their textiles and their pottery
and made many desirable things?
It was inevitable
that as these two sorts of life,
the agricultural and the nomadic, differentiated,
a certain amount of looting and trading should develop
between the two?!
In Sumeria particularly,
which had deserts and seasonal country on either hand,
it must have been usual to have the nomads camping close to
cultivated fields, trading and stealing and perhaps tinkering, as gypsies did
to this day
...?
{But hens they would not steal,
because the domestic fowl - an Indian jungle fowl originally -
was not domesticated by man until about 1000 B.C.} ...
THEY would bring
precious tsones and things of metal and leather.
If they were hunters they would bring skins, salt and 'fertilizers' ...
They would get in exchange pottery and beads and glass, garments and
such like manufactured
things?!
~
Clearly now,
we can start to see the earliest roots of our present day civilisations
and our own situation, as far as development
of certain structures, inventions and
renovation thru writing and trade
are concerned!?!
~
IT WAS
not only in Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley
that men were settling down to agriculture and the formation of city states
in the centuries between 6000 and 3000 B.C.
Wherever there were possibilities
of irrigation
and a steady all-the-year-round food-supply
men were exchanging the uncertainties and hardships of hunting
and wandering for the routines of
settlement.
On the upper Tigris
a people called the Assyrians were founding cities;
in the valleys of Asia Minor and on the Mediterranean shores and islands,
there were small communities growing up to
civilisation.
POSSIBLY
parallel developments of human life
were already going on in favourable regions of India and China.
In many parts of Europe where there were lakes
well stocked with fish,
little communities of men had long settled in dwellings built on piles
over the water,
and were eking out agriculture by fishing and hunting.
But over much larger areas of the Old World
no such settlement was possible?
The land was too harsh,
too thickly wooded or too arid,
or the seasons too uncertain for mankind
with only the implements and science of that age
to take root
.............
~
FOR SETTLEMENT
under the conditions of the the primitive civilisations
men needed a constant water-supply and warmth and sunshine?
Where these needs were not satisfied, man could live as a transient,
as a hunter following his game,
as a herssman following the seasonal grass,
but he could not settle!
THE TRANSITION
from the hunting to the herding life may have been
only very gradual
........
FROM
following herds of wild cattle or {in Asia} wild horses,
men may have come to an idea of property in them, and have learned
to pen them into valleys,
have fought for them against wolves, wild dogs,
and other predatory
beasts
...
~
SO
while the primitive civilisations of the cultivators were growing up
chiefly in the great river valleys,
a different way of living,
the nomadic life,
a life of constant movement to and fro
from winter pasture to summer pasture, was also
growing up
.......
The nomadic peoples
were on the whole hardier than the agriculturists;
they were less prolific and numerous,
they had no permanent temples and no highly organised priesthood;
they had less gear;
but our dear myDi-reader must not suppose
that theirs was necessarily a less highly developed way of living
on that account!
IN MANY WAYS
this free life was a fuller life than that of the tillers of
the soil!
The INDIVIDUAL
was more self-reliant; less of a unit in a crowd!
The LEADER was more important; the medicine-man perhaps
less so?
~
MOVING
over large stretches of country,
the nomad took a wider view of life
.......
HE touched on the confines of this settled land and he was used
to the sight of strange faces
.......
HE had to scheme and treat for pasture with competing tribes!
HE knew more of minerals than the folk upon the plough lands because
he went over mountain passes and into rocky places ...
HE may have been a better metallurgist?
Possibly bronze,
and even much more probably iron smelting,
were nomadic discoveries!
SOME
of the earliest implements of iron reduced from its ores
have been found in Central Europe
far away form the early
civilisations.
~
ON THE OTHER HAND
the settled folk had their textiles and their pottery
and made many desirable things?
It was inevitable
that as these two sorts of life,
the agricultural and the nomadic, differentiated,
a certain amount of looting and trading should develop
between the two?!
In Sumeria particularly,
which had deserts and seasonal country on either hand,
it must have been usual to have the nomads camping close to
cultivated fields, trading and stealing and perhaps tinkering, as gypsies did
to this day
...?
{But hens they would not steal,
because the domestic fowl - an Indian jungle fowl originally -
was not domesticated by man until about 1000 B.C.} ...
THEY would bring
precious tsones and things of metal and leather.
If they were hunters they would bring skins, salt and 'fertilizers' ...
They would get in exchange pottery and beads and glass, garments and
such like manufactured
things?!
~
Clearly now,
we can start to see the earliest roots of our present day civilisations
and our own situation, as far as development
of certain structures, inventions and
renovation thru writing and trade
are concerned!?!
26 jun 2004 - bewerkt op 06 jan 2008
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