O Carol,
I am but a fool,
darling I love you,
though you treat me cruel,
you hurt me and you make me cry,
but if you leave me I will surely die, darling,
there will never be another 'cause I love you so,
don't ever leave me: say you'll never go,
I will always want you for my sweetheart,
no matter what you do,
o Carol, so in love
with you
...
{Neil
Sedaka 1959:
& 2000 jaar terug in de tijd
rondom 't jaar "0"
aan de oevers
van de Dode
Zoutzee}
The
characterization
of man as a creature
who has been defiled by the dominion of Belial
paves the way for a doctrine of mankind as inherently sinful and errant -
a doctrine that plays a central role both in the hymn appended to the Manual of Discipline
and in the Hodayot [in addition to these sources, there is also one mention
in the Damascus Document of the enemies
having "defiled themselves
with human sin
& unclean
paths".
Man
is no
longer a creature
that has become defiled, but "human
uncleanness" & "a sin of flesh". The word 'flesh'
[basar] regularly refers in the Hodayot to man
qua material creature who cannot be
the agent of his own
salvation.
This sense
appears to derive
from biblical Hebrew, where 'basar'/"flesh" refers,
inter alia, to the human body,
& 'kol basar'/"all flesh"
is all living
creatures.
There
are also
a number of biblical verses
that could cause a religious doctrine that disdains human nature
to adopt the term as a designation of man's corporreality and material being,
for "evil belongs to humankind, to the assembly
of the unfaithful
flesh".
Among
these verses are:
"My [= G d's] breath
shall not abide in man forever, since he too is flesh" (GEN 6:3),
"all flesh had corrupted its ways on earth" (GEN 6:12),
"in G d I trust, I am not afraid, what can flesh do to me?" (PS 56:5),
"He remembered that they were but flesh,
a passing breath that does not return"
(PS 78:39), and
others like
these.
Paul's
use of 'flesh'
is identical to that found
in the Hodayot ("the sin of the flesh" & Romans 8:3),
so this sense should be seen not as a Pauline innovation
but rather a stage in the semantic development of the biblical term
in certain Jewish circles. It is worth noting that
the War Scroll usually employs the term
to refer to the war cadavers, while
the special sense of 'flesh'
is unattested in
this document.
These
are the congenital conditions
of one born of woman: man is "a creature of clay,
fashioned with water, a foundation of shame and a source of impurity,
an oven of iniquity and a building of sin, a spirit of error and depravity
without knowledge"; a base creature, innately governed by its sinful urges
for "every impure abomination & guilt of unfaithfulness";
a "structure of dust fashioned with water ... shame
of dishonor & source of impurity ... and a
depraved spirit rules over him:; "he is in
iniquity from his maternal womb, and
in guilt of unfaithfulness right to
old age".
Disgust
and revulsion
in the face of man's
['fallen'] nature, as well as
disdain for human society, are typical of those
who would negate the world & flee from it,
and it is to this category that
the Qumran community
clearly belongs?!
DAT
is juist
het mooie eraan:
't naast elkaar leggen
van uiteenlopende tijden & plaatsen
waar mensen getuigenis afleggen van hun liefde
voor 'n ander mens, 'g d', zichzelf & de
hele omringende
natuur.
Een
min of
meer samenhangend geheel
van menselijke gevoelens, gedachten, daden & definities:
we kunnen niet meer overleven zonder de ene of andere fundering van ons breinfestijn
door middel van taal, cultuur, bepaalde begrippen & basisgegevens, die ieder
op hun beurt kunnen bijdragen
tot lichamelijke
& geestelijke
bevruchting.
Is
dat ook
niet dat wat
ten grondslag lag aan
onze allereerste contacten met ouders,
opvoeders, familie, vrienden, "stam & cultuur"?
De warmte van de moederborst, moedermelk, die glimlach & aandacht:
de eerste woordjes & liedjes, 't kruipen, staan, lopen, rennen waar zowel lichaam als geest
samengaan vanaf die allereerste ademhaling, harteklop & zielsveel houden van?
Dwars door die baby/peuter/kleuter/kindertijd heen heeft ons brein 't meest
behoefte aan die samenhang van wat je 'g ds geest' zou kunnen noemen:
Is dat ook niet de basis die alle culturen heeft verbonden als 't erop
aankomt dat we mensenrechten [& plichten] handen & voeten
kunnen geven via zintuigen die meer mededeelzaamheid
inhouden dan verschillen in kleur, ras, taal of cultuur?
Wat zal er nog terechtkomen van ons
als we ons niet meer bewust kunnen
worden van die 'eenheid' die vlees
bezielt, zingeeft en doet
groeien & alleen zo
vruchtdraagt?
Vandaar
ook alsmaar
herhalen van 'tat
tvam asi' &
'rak kach'
...
