CITY,
AS EVIDENCED
BY THE NUMBER
OF SYNAGOGUES & RITUAL
BATH HOUSES THAT HAVE BEEN
UNEARTHED THERE, THESE WERE A WHOLLY
DIFFERENT CLASS OF JEWS THAN THOSE USUALLY
FOUND IN MUCH OF GALILEE!
Rich, cosmopolitan, deeply influenced by Greek culture,
and surrounded by a panoply of races & religions, the Jews of Sepphoris were the product of the Herodian social revolution -
the nouveaux riches who rose to prominence after Herod's massacre of the old priestly aristocracy! The city itself had been a major landmark for years; after YERUSHALAYIM, it is the most frequently mentioned city in rabbinic literature: Sepphoris served as the admi-nistrative center of Galilee throughout the CHASMONAEAN Dynasty! During the reign of Herod the Great, it became a vital military out-post where weapons and war provisions were stored. However, it was not until Herod's son Antipas ("the Fox"
chose it as the royal seat of his tetrarchy, probably sometime around the turn of the first century C.E., that this stalwart city of Sepphoris
became known as "the Ornament of Galilee!"
Like his father, also Antipas had a passion for large-scale building projects,
and in Sepphoris he found a blank slate upon which to design a city in his own image?! This is because Antipas arrived at Sepphoris with a cohort of Roman soldiers in tow, the city was no longer the central hub of Galilee it had been under his father's rule & reign;
it was still a smoldering heap of ash & stone, a victim of Roman retribution for the rebellions
that had broken out across Palestine in the wake
of Herod the Great's death in 4 B.C.E.