Moammar Khadafi van 2500 jaar geleden i/d bochtjes
In all of the Hebrew Bible, there is no unequivocal usage of "'qr'" in the sense of "to read to oneself," no place where someone is described as silently (or even orally) consuming a text alone and/or without immediate public consequences. There are, to be sure, cases in which the orality of the reading is not explicit. However, even in this cases we fin that the act of reading is accompanied by perlocutionary force ~ that is, it does demand an action in response. The following example will make this clear: And the King of Aram said, "Go & I will send a scroll [SEFER, the same word that refers to a scroll of the Torah, or the Book of the Covenant!] to the King of Israel," & he went & took with him ten talents of silver & six thousand golden coins & ten suits of clothes. And he brought the scroll to the King of Israel which said, "And now, with the coming of this scroll to you, I have sent to you Na'aman my servant. Cure him of his leprosy!" And when the King of Israel READ the scroll, he rent his clothes, & said "Am I G d that I can kill & revive? For this one has sent to me to cure a man of leprosy, but indeed, he is seeking a cause against me." (II Kings 5:5-7) Since there is no more reason to believe that this king was himself literate any more than the king-protagonists of the texts that we will discuss, it is very probable that "when the king had read" means here "when the king had heard the reading of, " just as it does explicitly in the text cited before. [What we don't know for sure, we have to guess! And we do guess quite a lot?!] DAN zegt de koning van Aram: ga heen, kom daar aan! - ik zal aan Israels koning 'n briefrol zenden! Hij gaat heen & neemt in z'n hand mee: 10 talenten zilver, 6000 stukken goud & 10 wisselgewaden. Hij komt met de briefrol aan bij Israels koning, waarin gezegd wordt: welnu, met dat deze briefrol bij u aankomt, zie, zal ik tot u mijn dienaar Na'aman zenden & moet u hem afhelpen van z'n melaatsheid! En het geschiedt: zodra Israels koning deze brief gelezen heeft scheurt hij z'n gewaden & zegt hij: ben ik G d, die kan laten sterven & doen leven, dat hij 'n man naar mij toezendt om hem af te helpen van z'n melaatsheid?- ja, ach, beseft toch & ziet in dat hij 'n voorwendsel zoekt tegen mij! wayomer melech-aram: Lech-bo we'eshlechah seefer el-melech yisraeel wayeelech wayikach beyado eser kikerei- chesef wesheesheg alafiem zahav we'eser chalifot begadiem: wayavee haseefer el-melech yisraeel leemor weatah kevo haseefer hazeh eeleicha hineeh shalachti eeleicha et-na'aman avdi wa'asafto mitsarato:
Wayehi kikro melech-yisraeel et-haseefer wayikra begadaw wayomer haelohim ani lehamit ulhachayot ki-zeh sholeeach eelai le'esof ish mitarato
Ki ach-deu-na uru ki-mitaneh hu li! Zoiets lijkt nu nog 't meest op Kadafi in z'n diverse jurken, 'kopvodden' & woeste krankzinnige toespraken ...
Asih, man, 80 jaar
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